From Wilkapedia: At low levels the term shock is hardly fitting to describe the effects produced by electronic training collars. Since there is virtually no effect beyond a pulsing or tickling sensation on the surface of the skin ... the word shock is loaded with biased connotations and images of convulsive spasms and burns and implications associated with extreme physical pain. The abdominal energizer fitness product is exponentially stronger, 1,724 times stronger than the impulse a dog recieves from a pet containment collar set at its highest level.
